Relationship Between a Conductors Length and Wire

Relationship Between a Conductors Length and equipElectricity has become very useful and has changed everyones life since the day it was disc overed.What is conduction?What is Resistance?What is the best director of electricity?What is Nichrome fit?Thither atomic number 18 many a(prenominal) factors that influence the electric underground in conducting conducting cables, going finished a on-line(prenominal) in circuits. The aloofness of the wire and the overfly- sectioned landing field are two very important variables. The electric current of land with wires is often compared to the exe put oute of irrigate system done pipes. The sub carriage to the arise of dash in an electric circuit is analogous to the frictional effects mingled with peeing and the pipe surfaces as well as the oppositeness offered by obstacles that are present in its path (The Physics classroom,2016)The kernel distance of the wires go out affect the heart of opposition. The longer t he wire, the more resistance that there will be. There is a direct relationship between the tally of resistance encountered by charge and the aloofness of wire it must traverse. after(prenominal) all, if resistance occurs as the result of collisions between charge carriers and the atoms of the wire, then there is likely to be more collisions in a longer wire. more collisions mean more resistance.The cross- sectional vault of heaven of the wires will affect the pith of resistance. Wider wires wee a greater cross-sectional orbit. Water will flow by dint of a wider pipe at a lavishlyer put than it will flow by dint of a narrow pipe. This nookie be attributed to the lower amount of resistance that is present in the wider pipe. (The Physics classroom,2016) In the corresponding manner, the wider the wire, the less resistance that there will be to the flow of electric charge. When all other variables are the similar, charge will flow at higher rates through wider wires with greater cross-sectional orbits than through thinner wires.AR3A nonher verbalism that will be utilise is the resistance formula which will (Physicsclassroom, 2016)To work out the cross-sectional area of the wire, the formulaThe wire that will be used in the experiment is nichrome 30 wire which has a rung of 0.000125m and in any case nichrome 22 wire, with a radius of 0.0346mm AR4(3.46e-5m)Ohms faithfulness deals with the relationship between voltage, current and resistance. Voltage is the residue in electrical potential postal code. For example, if you have a simple circuit with a battery provideing a lamp, the electrons will move from the negative side of the battery, through the lamp and then to the positive side. The voltage or the difference in electrical potential cypher, between the positive and negative ends of the battery would be the amount labelled on the battery because the charge was used to move the electron around the circuit. A good analogy for voltage is a waterfall. The water at the top of the waterfall is similar to the negatively charged electrons and the water at the bottom of fall is similar to the discharged electrons. As the water flows from the top of the fall to the bottom it loses all of it gravitational potential energy still like the electrons losing their charge when they travel around the circuit. Current is the total amount of charge vent through a conductor over a period of time. The water analogy for current would be how exuberant the water is flowing or how much water is passing through a bit of river over a period of time. AR5(Crash work, 2016)Ohms law behind be summarised with(Hyperphysics, 2016)Since the results of the experiment will be recorded using a voltmeter and ammeter, the resistance will have to be calculated using ohms law re-arranged (Hyperphysics, 2016)Resistivity P (Ohm M) = and a resistivity coefficient 1.1010-6m to 1.5010-6m at 20C so this figure will be used in the resistance formula AR6( Elert, 2016) adjustment of conductor length AR7 4.481AR8Change of conductor cross sectional areaR= 3.00R= 6.00Lengths of conductorResistance wire area of Resistance wire area of 3.46e-5m0.24.4813.0000.48.9646.0000.613.449.0110.817.9212.015122.415.019This process was repeated for all figures/ conductor cross sectional area and the following graph and tables gives the resultAR9Figure 1 The graph above shows the resistance when the wire cross sectional area is at 3.46e-5m, while the length of the wire/ conductor changesThe above research prompts the following hypothesisIf the length of an electrical conductor increases, then the conductors resistance will increaseAR10, if the cross-sectional area increases, then the resistance will increase because resistance occurs due to charge carriers and the atoms of the wire colliding, longer wire, more collisionsAR11AR12.Equipment was gathered which allow ind a voltmeter, ammeter, 12v power give and nichrome wire were all joined unitedly to making a complete circuitAR14. Alligator clip leads helped to complete the circuit. Pliers were used to relax and scissors to cut the wire. 0.20m of nichrome wire was put into the circuit and was taped to the beat ruler to keep the wire as straight as thinkable so the length can be taproomd as complete as possible. The length of varied, the wire went up by 0.20m intervals all the way up too 1.20m, starting from 0.20Figure 3 Self Drawn, scriptAR15The voltmeter was in parallel to the undetermined nichrome wire because it measured the energy difference between two points. If it was connected in series it would barley measure anything because the energy difference would be so insignificant. The ammeter measured the current passing through the wire. If it was connected in parallel, it would not be amount the current through the nichrome wire. A light bulb was used to consume the energy to avoid a short circuitAR16.The independent variable was the length of the exposed nichrome w ire. The dependent variable was the electrical resistance of the wire. The controlled variables included wire thickness, material, temperature, as these are all known variables that effect resistance, same equipment because small differences in calibration will affect their readings, same people doing the same jobs so that everything thing is done in the same way each time, same circuit/configuration as to not produce inconsistencies.This experiment was hazardous, combat injury was avoided as precautions were taken. All sharp objects such as scissors and pair of pliers were used with caution to avoid cuts and pinches. Eye protection was used when slip-up to avoid pieces of wire flying into eyes. Electrocution was avoided by having dry hands and only modifying the circuit when the power supply was off.AR17To find Resistance This pattern above was used to find the ResistanceResistanceAR19 coefficent 1.1010-6m wire area of 3.46e-5m telegraph Length (m)Current run 1(A)Current Tria l 2(A)Current Trial 3AR20(A) bonny CurrentVoltage Trial 1(V)Voltage Trial 2(V)Voltage Trial 3(V)Average Voltage(V)Average Resistance()0.000.0880.0880.0880.08800.0250.0320.0280.0280.3180.200.0880.0870.0870.08750.2760.2720.2640.2703.0680.400.0880.0870.0870.08750.5230.5180.5260.5235.9430.600.0880.0880.0890.08850.7750.7720.7620.7708.750.800.0870.0840.0830.08550.9600.9200.9500.94310.711.000.0880.0860.0870.08601.1201.1221.1201.12012.721.200.0880.0890.0880.08851.4501.4501.4501.45016.47Resistance coefficent 1.1010-6m wire area of fit Length (m)Current Trial 1(A)Current Trial 2(A)Current Trial 3(A)Average CurrentVoltage Trial 1(V)Voltage Trial 2(V)Voltage Trial 3(V)Average Voltage(V)Average Resistance()0.000.0880.0800.0880.08500.0500.0560.0540.0550.6250.200.0880.0880.0880.08800.3400.3400.3400.3403.8630.400.0890.0880.0880.08850.5990.6590.6590.6597.4880.600.0880.0880.0880.08800.8600.9100.9100.91010.340.800.0870.0870.0880.08751.1341.2341.2331.23314.011.000.0880.0880.0880.08801.3401.6421.6421 .64220.521.200.0880.0890.0880.08851.6011.6011.6011.60126.008From the resultsIt is belovedly impossible to get ideal results as the independent are not able to be controlled. AR22When the wire was at 0.20m, the resistance was 3.865 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 3.068 learned that per the original hypothesis that the wider the cross sectional, less resistance. So, when the wire was at 0.20m, it agrees with the hypothesis. Comparing the theoretical data to the actual results when the wire was 3.46e-5m were surprisingly close. Knowing that the result was 3.068 and the theoretical data was 3.00 .AR23When the wire was at 0.40m, the resistance was 7.488 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 5.943 . Again, agreeing with the hypothesis. The theoretical data was also close the actual result. If the length of an electrical conductor increases, then the conductors resistance will increase was stated in my hypothe sis and was supported by the results as the length change magnitude to 0.40m and the end result of the resistance was change magnitude from 3.865 to 7.488When the wire was at 0.60m, the resistance was 10.34 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 8.75When the wire was at 0.80m, the resistance was 14.01 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 10.71When the wire was at 1.00m, the resistance was 20.52 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 12.72When the wire was at 1.20m, the resistance was 26.008 and when the wire area cross sectional was 3.46e-5m the resistance was 16.47AR24There are many possible defects with this experimentParallax view is the difference of where the objects apparent positioning is, changing due to the change in viewing angle. This may have caused a problem as the ammeter and voltmeter some(prenominal) have needled in front of the outgo/numbers. To get the correc t numbers while using both these measuring instruments, it was a necessity to read the numbers perpendicular to both the ammeter and voltmeter. The makers of both of these instruments have thought of this and there will often will be a reflective strip below the scale so that the user can line up the real pointer with the pointer reflectiveness so they know that their eye is perpendicular to the surface. Another simpler effect would be to use digital devices that tell you the exact number, leaving out the baron for human error.Whenever a conductor has a current flowing through it, the resistance will generate heat, which then makes the conductor more resistive. In a conductor like nichrome, used in heating elements because of its high resistivity, it takes longer for it to heat up and to reach a resistance that is stable. If the resistance was measured when it wasnt stable, then you would receive results that were lower than the actual value. The obvious solution to this is to w ait a little bit after the power supply is turned on so the wire has time to heat up or to use a thermometer to make sure that the wire is the same temperature. AR26(Electrical4u.com, 2016)Another error was the length of the wire. Even though the wire was as straight as possible when put into the circuit, there were still brush aside bends in the nichrome wire making slightly longer than the real measurement. This would affect the results as instead of the wire being exactly 0.80m it top executive be 0.83m, which would be enough to change the resistance total.Another error that I was faced with is, If a wire is bent past its minimum bend radius, the cross-sectional area of the damaged section will be smaller. Because a bent wire has a smaller cross sectional area, its resistance will increase. This applies to the experiment in terms of wire degradation and wire handling. The wires need to be of a consistent cross sectional area, otherwise, the results will inaccurate.AR27AR28Re ferences Physicsclassroom.com. (2016). Ohms Law. online operable at http//www.physicsclassroom.com/class/circuits/Lesson-3/Ohm-s-Law (Accessed 5 bumble 17).Physicsclassroom.com. (2016). Resistance. online Available at http//www.physicsclassroom.com/class/circuits/Lesson-3/Resistance (Accessed 5 Mar 17).Pic Wire Cable. (2016). Cable Bend spoke Coaxial Cable Bend Radius Triaxial Cable Bend Radius. online Available at http//www.picwire.com/ technical/bend_radius.php Accessed 14 Nov. 2016.at http//www.picwire.com/technical/bend_radius.php (Accessed 5 Mar 17).Crash Course, (2016). Electric Current Crash Course Physics 28. image Available at https//www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXOok3mfMLMlist=PL8dPuuaLjXtN0ge7yDk_UA0ldZJdhwkoVindex=28 (Accessed 5 Mar 17).Electrical4u.com. (2016). Joules Law of Heating Electrical4u. online Available at http//www.electrical4u.com/joules-law/ (Accessed 5 Mar 17).AR1Put more detail into your abstract. See the document online titled Deadly EEI. They have a w hole section abstractsAn abstract is a paragraph, that if read by itself, summarises the project in the least possible words (usually 100 200). It should include the aim, principles/techniques employed and a very brief statement of your results and proofs. The criteria used will be The abstract is a clear, concise, accurate representation of the project, linking the main ideas together well without added interpretation or criticism, misunderstandings or unnecessary details.1.Begin with a subject area sentence that is the major thesis (the Aim).2.Purpose state the research question and hypotheses2.Method the invention3.Results concisely4.Conclusions implications of results. Can be recommendations, evaluations, applications, suggestions, new relationships, and hypotheses accepted or rejected.5.Other instruction incidental findings to the main purpose of the document but must not distract attention from main theme.AR2Clearly presented.Well chosen subjects.Need more variety of comm unication methods. Eg tables, graphs, images, diagrams, to support explanation.AR3You should discuss the formulae that links the variables for length and cross-sectional area here so your preliminary calculations make better sense.AR4How do you calculate area?AR5Good analogies. Again, use diagrams to support this.AR6= and?AR7Make sure you explain whats happening, wherefore this data was chosen, etc.AR8Your table isnt clearly labelled. If this is the resistivity of the wire, state as much in the table. Why did you label it as the resistance coefficient?AR9This is just the same table.AR10Describe the relationship here. Logarithmic? Linear?AR11This part just refers to length, not resistance.AR12Probably worth a C for your hypothsis. You can increase that by addressing the above points.AR13These elements of your method are good, but its incomplete. You never said where you varied the length of the wire, for instance.AR14Ensure you have someone proof read your draft before you insert i t to pick up grammatical errors and run-on sentences.AR15Good use of diagram.AR16Good explanation of equipment used.AR17Safety issues in detail. GoodAR18Youll need to graph your results and put it beside your theoretical data for relation in order to achieve the highest grade here.AR19Extensive results. Good.AR20This table is missing mean(a) currentAR21Youre just stating the results of the experiment. You should be exploring patterns and trends as well as anomalies. Ie as the diameter increased or as the length increased Without this, you may not pass this section.AR22Didnt you control them?AR23Include units for resistance here. Cut and banquet this one AR24Wheres your conclusion?AR25This is decent. Probably a C. Remember to suggest what can be explored from here eg. A modified hypothesis.AR26Did you not do this?AR27Good.AR28Put this near the relevant sectionAR29.Bibliography. Your list and formatting is sufficient for a B. abbreviationRyan, you can improve your grade with the fo llowingRemove plagiarism. Rewrite in your own words.Include more diagrams in the introduction.Explain what youre doing more soundly in the preliminary calculations.Reword your hypothesis more accurately.Finish your method. ply graphs to your results section.Analyse and discuss trends in your discussion/conclusion.Include a conclusion that links to the hypothesis.Plus anything else Ive missed up there.Without knowing how much youve cut and pasted from other sources its impossible to tell a grade, but Im estimating between a C and a D. Its possible to improve what you have here up to about a B.Godspeed.